Cartography as a Tool for Studying Iberian Literary Relationships: Evaluation of a Practical Experiment
Keywords:
digital humanities, Iberian studies, literary geography, digital cartography, GISAbstract
This article presents the results of the Digital Map of Iberian Literary Relations (1870-1930) project, which applies a cartographic approach to interactions between Iberian literary systems in the late nineteenth century and early twentieth century. Firstly, it provides an overview of the theoretical foundations underpinning the project, examining both the field of Iberian Studies, which forms the basis for the study, and the development of digital cartographies in recent years. Secondly, it explains the specific methodology used in the project, from the selection of data and their codification into a database to possible issues and options for visualization through interactive digital maps. Finally, the article presents a preliminary analysis of the results of the project and the conclusions emerging from the ‘digital map’. It seeks to demonstrate the way in which this innovative cartographic and visual approach to transnational literary history can serve as a tool to reflect on the centres, nodes and peripheries of the dissemination of Iberian cultures. In addition, the article highlights several limitations of the model, providing a stepping-stone from which to propose further developments.References
Abuín González, A. and Tarrío Varela, A. (eds) (2004) Bases metodolóxicas para unha historia comparada das literaturas da península Ibérica. Santiago de Compostela: University of Santiago de Compostela.
Alves, D. and Queiroz, A. I. (2015) ‘Exploring Literary Landscapes: From Texts to Spatiotemporal Analysis through Collaborative Work and GIS.’ International Journal of Humanities and Arts Computing, 9(1), pp. 57-73.
Atlas das Paisagens Literárias de Portugal Continental [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021]. URL http://litescape.ielt.fcsh.unl.pt/.
Bermúdez, S., and R. Johnson (eds) (2018) A New History of Iberian Feminisms. Toronto: Toronto University Press.
Bodenhamer, D. J. (2010) ‘The Potential of Spatial Humanities.’ In Bodenhamer, D. J., Corrigan, J. and T. M. Harris (eds) The Spatial Humanities: GIS and the future of humanities scholarship. Bloomington: Indiana University Press.
Bodenhamer, D. J., Corrigan, J. and Harris, T. M. (2015) Deep Maps and Spatial Narratives. Indiana: Indiana University Press.
Bush, C. (2017) ‘Areas: Bigger than the Nation, Smaller than the World.’ In Heise, U. K. (ed) Futures of Comparative Literature: ACLA State of the Discipline Report. Routledge, pp. 171-173.
Cabo Aseguinolaza, F. (2011) ‘The Spatial Turn in Literary Historiography.’ CLCWeb – Comparative Literature and Culture, 13(5). [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://doi.org/10.7771/1481-4374.1903.
Cabo Aseguinolaza, F., Abuín González, A. and Domínguez, C. (eds) (2010) A Comparative History of Literatures in the Iberian Peninsula. Vol. 1. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Calderwood, E. (2014) ‘“In Andalucía, There are no Foreigners”: Andalucismo from Transperipheral Critique to Colonial Apology.’ Journal of Spanish Cultural Studies, 15(4), pp. 399-417.
Casas, A. (2003) ‘Sistema interliterario y planificación historiográfica a propósito del espacio geocultural ibérico’. Interlitteraria, 8, pp. 68-96.
Casas, A. (2019) ‘Iberismos, comparatismos y estudios ibéricos.’ In Martínez Tejero, C. and Pérez Isasi, S. (eds) Perspectivas críticas sobre os estudos ibéricos. Venice: Ca’Foscari, pp. 23-56.
Compostela Geoliteraria. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://www.compostelageoliteraria.org/
Deleuze, G., and Guattari, F. (1980) Capitalisme et schizophrénie (Vol. 2 - Mille plateaux). París: Éditions de Minuit.
Domínguez, C. (2006) ‘The South European Orient: A Comparative Reflection on Space in Literary History.’ Modern Language Quarterly 67(4), pp. 41-449.
Domínguez, C., Abuín González, A. and Sapega, E. (eds) (2016) A Comparative History of Literatures in the Iberian Peninsula. Vol. 2. Amsterdam, Philadelphia: John Benjamins.
Ďurišin, D. (1988) Theory of Interliterary Process. Bratislava: Veda – Publishing House of the Slovak Academy of Sciences.
Ein Literarischer Atlas Europas. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://www.literaturatlas.eu/en/.
Even-Zohar, I. (1990) ‘Polysystem Studies.’ Special Issue, Poetics Today, 11(1).
Foucault, M. (1984) ‘Des Espace Autres.’ Architecture, Mouvement, Continuité, 5, pp. 46-49.
Gimeno Ugalde, E. and Pérez Isasi, S. (2019) ‘Lo 'ibérico' en los Estudios Ibéricos: meta-análisis del campo a través de sus publicaciones (2000-).’ In Codina Solà, N., and Pinheiro, T. (eds) Iberian Studies: Reflections Across Borders and Disciplines. Berlin: Peter Lang, pp. 23-48.
Goodchild, M. F. (2008) ‘Combining Space and Time: New Potential for Temporal GIS’ [Online]. In Knowles, A. K., and Hillier, A. (eds) Placing History: How Maps, Spatial Data, and GIS Are Changing Historical Scholarship. ESRI, pp. 179-197. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] www.geog.ucsb.edu/~good/papers/442.pdf.
Gregory, I. N. (2010) ‘Exploiting Time and Space: A Challenge for GIS in the Digital Humanities.’ In Bodenhamer, D. J., Corrigan J. and Harris, T. M. (eds) The Spatial Humanities: GIS and the Future of Humanities Scholarship. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 58-75.
Harrington, T. S. (2000) ‘La generación del 98 y sus correlatos intrapeninsulares: una propuesta para un acercamiento panibérico al estudio de la producción cultural del primer cuarto del siglo XX.’ Anuari de filologia. Secció F, Estudios de lengua y literatura españolas, 10, pp. 49-64.
Harvey, D. (2001) Spaces of Capital. Towards a Critical Geography. New York: Routledge.
Hess-Lüttich, E. W. B. (2012) ‘Spatial Turn: On the Concept of Space in Cultural Geography and Literary Theory.’ meta – carto – semiotics. Journal for Theoretical Cartography, 5, pp. 27-37.
Juvan, M. (2015) ‘The Spatial Turn, Literary Studies, and Mapping.’ European Review, 23(1), pp. 81-96.
La Otra Edad de Oro. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://www.ucm.es/loep.
Lambert, J. (1991) ‘In Quest of Literary World Maps.’ In Kittel, H. and Frank, A. P. (eds) Interculturality and the Historical Study of Literary Translations. Berlin: Erich Schmidt, pp. 133-44.
Lefebvre, H. (1974) La production de l’espace. Paris: Anthropos.
Lourido, I. (2019) ‘O espaço literário ibérico na última década: Hipóteses para o estudo das fronteiras e das relações entre sistemas.’ In Martínez Tejero, C. and Pérez Isasi, S. (eds) Perspectivas críticas sobre os estudos ibéricos. Venice: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, pp. 203-221.
Mapa literari català d’Espais Escrits. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://mapaliterari.cat/.
Mapping the Lakes – A Literary GIS. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://www.lancaster.ac.uk/mappingthelakes/.
Mapping the Republic of Letters. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://republicofletters.stanford.edu/casestudies/index.html.
Marcos de Dios, Á. (ed) (2007) Aula Ibérica – Actas de los congresos de Évora y Salamanca (2006-2007). Salamanca: Universidad de Salamanca.
Martínez Gil, V. (2013) ‘A visão luso-catalã da Ibéria.’ In Gimeno Ugalde, E., Fernandes da Silva, F. and Serra Lopes, F. (eds) ACT 25 - Catalunya, Catalunha, Lisboa. Humus – Benicarló: Ed. Onada, pp. 55-87.
Massey, D. (1994) Space, Place and Gender. Minneapolis: University of Minnesota Press.
Matos, S. C. (2018) ‘Transnational identities in Portugal and Spain (c.1892–c.1931): Hispano-Americanism, Pan-Lusitanism and Pan-Latinism.’ International Journal of Iberian studies 31:2, pp. 75-96.
Moretti, F. (1997) Atlante del Romanzo Europeo, 1800-1900. Turin: Eunadi.
Moretti, F. (2004) Graphs, Maps, Trees. London: Verso.
Perenič, U. (2013) ‘Personalities. Database Analysis.’ [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://pslk.zrc-sazu.si/static/media/analize/en/Personalities-ANALYSES-Urska-Perenic.pdf.
Pérez Isasi, S. (2012) ‘Imágenes de la Península Ibérica en la historiografía literaria romántica europea.’ In Fernández García, M. J. and Leal, L. (eds) Imagologías Ibéricas: construyendo la imagen del otro peninsular, pp. 181-197. Mérida: Gabinete de iniciativas transfronterizas, Gobierno de Extremadura.
Pérez Isasi, S. (2014) ‘Literatura, iberismo(s), nacionalismo(s): Apuntes para una historia del iberismo cultural (1868-1936).’ 452ºF – Revista de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada, 11, pp. 64-79. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://www.452f.com/pdf/ numero11/11_452f_Perez_orgnl.pdf.
Pérez Isasi, S. (2019) ‘On the polysemic nature of Iberian Studies: Definitions, spaces, limits.’ International Journal of Iberian Studies, 32(1-2), pp. 13-32.
Pérez Isasi, S. (2020) ‘¿Hacia unos Estudios Ibéricos 2.0? Críticas, debates y caminos abiertos.’ THEORY NOW: Journal of literature, critique and thought, 3:2, pp. 145-167.
Pérez Isasi, S. and Fernandes, A. (2013) Looking at Iberia. A Comparative European Perspective. Oxford: Peter Lang.
Piatti, B., Bär, H. R., Reuschel, A-K., Hurni, L. and Cartwright, W. (2009) ‘Mapping Literature: Towards a Geography of Fiction.’ In Cartwright, W., Gartner, A. and Lehn, A. (eds) Cartography and Art. Berlin: Springer, pp. 1-16. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-3-540-68569-2_15
Piatti, B., Reuschel, A-K. and Hurni, L. (2009) ‘Literary Geography – or How Cartographers Open Up a New Dimension for Literary Studies.’ Proceedings of the 24th International Cartography Conference.
Santiago de Chile: International Cartographic Association. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://icaci.org/ files/documents/ICC_proceedings/ICC2009/html/nonref/24_1.pdf.
Picornell, M. (2019) ‘La hipótesis del ovillo desmadejado. Caracterizar los estudios ibéricos desde lo insular.’ In Martínez Tejero, C., and Pérez Isasi, S. (eds) Perspectivas críticas sobre os estudos ibéricos. Venice: Edizioni Ca’ Foscari, pp. 57-88.
Pinheiro, T. (2013) ‘Iberian and European Studies – Archaeology of a New Epistemological Field.’ In Pérez Isasi, S. and Fernandes, A. (eds) Looking at Iberia. A Comparative European Perspective. Oxford: Peter Lang, pp. 27-42.
Resina, J. R. (2009) Del hispanismo a los estudios ibéricos. Una propuesta federativa para el ámbito cultural. Madrid: Biblioteca Nueva.
Roberts, L. (ed) (2016) Deep Mapping. Printed Edition of the Special Issue Published in Humanities. Basel / Beijing / Wuhan / Barcelona: MDPI. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://www.academia.edu/25633247/Deep_Mapping.
Rocamora, J. A. (2000) ‘El iberismo en el contexto de la expansión del nacionalismo en la Península Ibérica.’ In de Sousa, F. (ed) Relações Portugal-Espanha: Cooperação e Identidade. Porto: CEPESE / FRAH, pp. 113-121.
Sáez Delgado, A., and Gaspar, L. M. (eds) (2010) Suroeste: Relaciones literarias y artísticas entre Portugal y España (1890-1936) / Relações Literárias e Artísticas entre Portugal e Espanha (1890-1936). 2 vols. Badajoz: Sociedad Estatal de Conmemoraciones Culturales / Junta de Extremadura / MEIAC / Assírio and Alvim.
Sáez Delgado, A. and Pérez Isasi, S. (2018) De espaldas abiertas. Relaciones literarias y culturales ibéricas (1870-1930). Granada: Comares.
Santos Unamuno, E. (2002) ‘Cartografías literarias (Reflexiones teóricas con algunos ejemplos recientes de narrativa peninsular).’ Laurel. Revista de Filología, 5, pp. 63-107.
Santos Unamuno, E. (2017) ‘GIS and Telescopic Reading: between Spatial and Digital Humanities.’ Neohelicon, 44, pp. 65-81.
Soja, E. (1996) Thirdspace: Journeys to Los Angeles and Other Real-and-Imagined Places. Cambridge (MA): Blackwell.
SPIN - Study Platform on Interlocking Nationalisms. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://spinnet.humanities.uva.nl/.
Subirana, J. (2018) Construir con palabras. Escritores, literatura e identidad en Cataluña (1859-2019). Madrid: Cátedra.
The Space of Slovenian Literary Culture. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://pslk.zrc-sazu.si.
Torres Feijó, E. (2008) ‘A mais poderosa ponte identitária: Portugal e a Saudade no nacionalismo galego.’ In Natário, M. C., Braz Teixeira, A., Rocha, A. and Epifânio, R. (eds) Actas do III Colóquio Luso-Galaico sobre a Saudade, em homenagem a Dalila Pereira da Costa. Sintra: Zéfiro, pp. 149-166. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://www.grupogalabra.com/wp-content/uploads/docs2016/ amaispoderosaponte2008.pdf.
Torres Feijó, E. (2009) ‘Portugal nas velas do galeguismo contemporâneo: de Teófilo Braga a Manuel Rodrigues Lapa.’ In Actas do I Congresso Internacional - O Pensamento Luso-Galaico-Brasileiro entre 1850 e 2000. Lisbon: Imprensa Nacional Casa da Moeda, pp. 371–402. [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] http://www.grupogalabra.com/wp-content/uploads/docs2016/ portugalvelasgaleguismo2009.pdf.
Torres Feijó, E. (2011) ‘About Literary Systems and National Literatures.’ CLCWeb: Comparative Literature and Culture, 13(5). [Online] [Accessed 13 September 2021] https://doi.org/ 10.7771/1481-4374.1901
Vaquinhas, I. (2018) ‘Mulheres na universidade de Coimbra: o caso das primeiras estudantes caboverdianas.’ História. Revista da FLUP, 8(1), pp. 219-244.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).