‘How to Save the World from Aliens, yet Keep Their Infrastructure’: Remapping the Alien State in Tade Thompson’s Wormwood Trilogy
Keywords:
Tade Thompson, African science fiction, Nigerian literature, postcolonial fiction, the postcolonial state, alien invasion narrativesAbstract
This essay examines science fictional engagements with the postcolonial state in Africa. It begins by arguing that the alien, in both the abstract sense of ‘the stranger’ and the more specific sense of extraterrestrial life, offers an enduring figure in postcolonial writing for representing the historical contradictions and speculative futures of postcolonial sovereignty. Turning then to Tade Thompson’s Wormwood Trilogy—Rosewater (2016), The Rosewater Insurrection (2019a), and The Rosewater Redemption (2019b)—it shows how Thompson both literalizes descriptions of the postcolonial state as an ‘alien institution’ and attempts, in Wole Soyinka’s terms, to ‘remap’ state power. In particular, by fusing the alien body to the state apparatus in the speculative, social democratic ‘free state’ of Rosewater, Thompson’s near-future novels resist projects to ‘humanize’ or de-alienate postcolonial governance, lingering instead with what Tejumola Olaniyan has recently described as the state’s ‘possibilities of strangeness.’ The essay concludes with a broader reflection on the contemporary ‘boom’ in African science fiction. Where recent critics have characterized third-generation science fiction as a break with the earlier forms and commitments of postcolonial writing, it argues for an engagement with the generic and political continuities that obtain across postcolonial literary history.References
Achebe, C. (1960/1987) No Longer at Ease. Oxford: Heinemann.
Ake, C. (1996) Democracy and Development in Africa. Washington D.C.: The Brookings Institution.
Apter, A. (2005) The Pan-African Nation: Oil and the Spectacle of Culture in Nigeria. Chicago: University of Chicago Press.
Armah, A.K. (1967) ‘African Socialism: Utopian or Scientific?’ Présence Africaine, 64, pp. 6-30.
Armah, A.K. (1973/2000) Two Thousand Seasons. Popenguine: Per Ankh.
Arrighi, G. (2002) ‘The African Crisis: World Systemic and Regional Aspects.’ New Left Review, 15, pp. 5-36.
Black Panther (2018) Directed by Coogler, R. United States: Marvel.
Bryce, J. (2019) ‘African Futurism: Speculative Fictions and ‘Rewriting the Great Book.’ Research in African Literatures, 50(1), pp. 1-19.
Dakalira, A (2015) ‘VIII.’ In Hartmann, IW. (ed) AfroSF: Volume 2. Johannesburg: StoryTime.
Dila, D. (2015) ‘The Flying Man of Stone.’ In Hartmann, IW. (ed) AfroSF: Volume 2. Johannesburg: StoryTime.
District 9 (2009) Directed by Blomkamp, N. South Africa: QED International.
Eatough, M. (2017) ‘African Science Fiction and the Planning Imagination.’ The Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry, 4(2), pp. 237-257.
Eshun, K. (2003) ‘Further Considerations on Afrofuturism.’ The New Centennial Review, 3(2), pp. 287-302.
FitzPatrick, J. (2018) ‘Tade Thompson’s Rosewater—An Alien Invasion That “Grows on You.”’ Los Angeles Review of Books. [Online] [Accessed 27 July 2022] http://lareviewofbooks.org/article/tade-thompsons-rosewater-an-alien-invasion-that-grows-on-you/
FitzPatrick, J. (2020) ‘Seeds of Catastrophe: The Rosewater Insurrection and The Rosewater Redemption.’ The Los Angeles Review of Books. [Online] [Accessed 27 July 2022] https://lareviewofbooks.org/article/seeds-of-catastrophe-the-rosewater-insurrection-and-the-rosewater-redemption/
Goldstone B. and Obarrio J. (2016) ‘Introduction: Untimely Africa?’ In Goldstone and Obarrio (eds) African Futures: Essays on Crisis, Emergence, and Possibility. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, pp. 1-21.
Haywood Ferreira, R. (2013) ‘Second Contact: The First Contact Story in Latin American Science Fiction.’ In Attebery, B. and Hollinger, V. (eds) Parabolas of Science Fiction. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press, pp. 70-88.
Herbst, J. (2000) States and Power in Africa: Comparative Lessons in Authority and Control. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Jameson, F. (2005) Archaeologies of the Future: The Desire Called Utopia and Other Science Fictions. New York: Verso.
Lazarus, N. (1986) ‘Great Expectations and After: The Politics of Postcolonialism in African Fiction.’ Social Text, 13/14, pp. 49-63.
Mamdani, M. (1996) Citizen and Subject: Contemporary Africa and The Legacy of Late Colonialism. Princeton: Princeton University Press.
Marx, J. (2008) ‘Failed-State Fiction.’ Contemporary Literature, 49(4), pp. 597-633.
Marx, J. (2017) ‘What Happened to the Postcolonial Novel: The Urban Longing for Form.’ Novel, 50(3), pp. 409-425.
Mbembe, A. (2001) On the Postcolony. Berkeley: University of California Press.
Nwonwu, CF. (2012) ‘Masquerade Stories.’ In Hartmann, IW. (ed) AfroSF: Science Fiction by African Writers. Johannesburg: StoryTime.
O’Connell, HC (2016). ‘We are Change: The Novum as Event in Nnedi Okorafor’s Lagoon.’ The Cambridge Journal of Postcolonial Literary Inquiry 3(3), pp. 291-312.
O’Connell, HC (2020). ‘“Everything is changed by virtue of being lost”: African Futurism Between Globalization and the Anthropocene in Tade Thompson’s Rosewater.’ Extrapolation, 61(1-2), pp. 109-130.
Ojukwu, E. (1969) The Ahiara Declaration: The Principles of the Biafran Revolution. Geneva: Markpress.
Okorafor, N. (2014) Lagoon. London: Hodder and Stoughton.
Okorafor, N. (2019) Binti: The Complete Trilogy. New York: DAW.
Olaniyan, T. (2000) ‘Africa: Varied Colonial Legacies.’ In Schwartz, H. and Ray, S. (eds) A Companion to Postcolonial Studies. Oxford: Blackwell, pp. 269-281.
Olaniyan, T. (2017) ‘Introduction: State and Culture in Africa: The Possibilities of Strangeness.’ In Olaniyan, T. (ed) State and Culture in Postcolonial Africa. Bloomington: Indiana UP, pp. 1-24.
Olukotun, DB. (2014) Nigerians in Space. Los Angeles: The Unnamed Press.
Olukotun, DB. (2017) After the Flare. Los Angeles: The Unnamed Press.
Pumzi. (2009) Directed by Kahiu, W. Kenya: Inspired Minority Pictures.
Quayson, A. (2009) ‘Unthinkable Nigeriana: The Social Imaginary of District 9.’ JWTC Blog. [Online] [Accessed 27 July 2022] http://jhbwtc.blogspot.com/2009/10/ unthinkable-nigeriana-social-imaginary.html
Rieder, J. (2003/2012) Colonialism and the Emergence of Science Fiction. Middletown: Wesleyan University Press.
Samatar, S. (2017) ‘Toward a Planetary History of Afrofuturism.’ Research in African Literatures, 48(4), pp. 175-191.
Simone A. (2016) ‘Rough Towns: Mobilizing Uncertainty in Kinshsha.’ In Goldstone and Obarrio (eds) African Futures: Essays on Crisis, Emergence, and Possibility. Chicago, University of Chicago Press, pp. 139-150.
Soyinka, W. (1996) The Open Sore of a Continent: A Personal Narrative of the Nigerian Crisis. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Suvin, D. (1972) ‘On the Poetics of the Science Fiction Genre.’ College English, 34(3), pp. 372-382.
Táíwò, O. (2017) ‘Philosophy and the State in Postcolonial Africa.’ In Olaniyan, T. (ed) State and Culture in Postcolonial Africa. Bloomington: Indiana University Press, pp. 55-76.
Thompson, T. (2016) Rosewater. New York: Orbit.
Thompson, T. (2018) ‘Please Stop Talking About the “Rise” of African Science Fiction.’ Literary Hub. [Online] [Accessed 27 July 2022] https://lithub.com/please-stop-talking-about-the-rise-of-african-science-fiction/
Thompson, T. (2019a) The Rosewater Insurrection. New York: Orbit, 2019.
Thompson, T. (2019b) The Rosewater Redemption. New York: Orbit, 2019.
Waberi, Abdourahman A. (2009) In The United States of Africa. 2006. Translated by Ball, D. and Ball, N. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press.
Young, C. (1994) The African Colonial State in Comparative Perspective. New Haven: Yale University Press.
Young, C. (2012) The Postcolonial State in Africa: Fifty Years of Independence, 1960-2010. Madison: University of Wisconsin Press.
Downloads
Published
Issue
Section
License
Authors who publish with this journal agree to the following terms:- Authors retain copyright and grant the journal right of first publication with the work simultaneously licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution License that allows others to share the work with an acknowledgement of the work's authorship and initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are able to enter into separate, additional contractual arrangements for the non-exclusive distribution of the journal's published version of the work (e.g., post it to an institutional repository or publish it in a book), with an acknowledgement of its initial publication in this journal.
- Authors are permitted and encouraged to post their work online (e.g., in institutional repositories or on their website) prior to and during the submission process, as it can lead to productive exchanges, as well as earlier and greater citation of published work (See The Effect of Open Access).